The Inescapable Story of Jesus 10a | Moses’ Promised Prophet

Introduction

The truth makes soft hearts. Lies make hard hearts. We too often cushion and nuance the truth. Whereas Jesus confronts us with hard words of truth, which if we will receive them like children, will make hearts of stone into hearts of flesh.

The Text 

And he arose from thence, and cometh into the coasts of Judaea by the farther side of Jordan: and the people resort unto him again; and, as he was wont, he taught them again. And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him. […] 

Mark 10:1ff

Summary of the Text

The potent teaching ministry of Jesus continues, this time closer to Jerusalem, in the area John the Baptist ministered (v1). The Pharisees come with another challenge, intending to put Jesus in Herod’s crosshairs: Is divorce lawful? Jesus asks them to explain what Moses taught, and they reply with a not so accurate summary of Moses’ teaching (vv2-4). Jesus then explains that divorce is only permissible as a provision due to the Fall, and then also appeals to Moses (Gen. 1:27, 2:24) by drawing the Pharisees’ attention to the creational glory of male & female. Jesus teaches that this male and female in the image of God infers weighty duties of leaving & cleaving in a covenantal one-flesh union (vv5-8). It is God Himself who joins a man and woman in marriage, severing this union is an assault on God’s handiwork (v9). Later on in private, the disciples have some follow up questions, and Jesus explains that divorce without lawful cause is a violation of the Seventh Commandment (vv10-12; Mk. 6:17).

Mark weaves together some threads from the previous chapter here. Jesus had instructed the disciples to receive children, and in so doing receive Him and the Father (Mk. 9:37). However, when an opportunity comes for them to put Jesus’ teaching into action, they fumble. As the crowds bring children to Jesus for blessing, the disciples play middle linebacker. This greatly annoys Jesus, and He gives an even more clear statement: not only should children not be forbidden from the Kingdom of God, but also if you desire to receive the kingdom, you must receive it like a child. Meaning, children can receive this Kingdom. Jesus then gathers the children into His arms, puts his hands upon them, and blesses (eulogei; imperfect tense) them (vv13-16).

Mark moves on to the next episode, and if tradition is correct, this section is where Mark himself makes an appearance, commonly known as the rich young ruler. Jesus is going forth “in the way”, and the young man comes running up with a request for the way to inherit eternal life. Jesus pries into why this young man calls Jesus good, as God alone is good; He then lays before him the 7th, 6th, 8th, 9th, and 5th commandments (vv17-19). The man claims that from his youth he’s dutifully observed these laws (v20). Jesus looks upon him with love and then calls him to a hard thing: give up everything, give it to the poor, take up the cross and follow Jesus (v21, Cf. Mk. 8:34). Jesus exposed and then touched the nerve: the young man’s covetous/idolatrous heart couldn’t imagine doing without wealth (v22).

The Lord takes this opportunity to teach the disciples about the deceitfulness of riches. Those with great wealth face a certain set of temptations which keep them from entering God’s Kingdom (v23). This stuns the disciples. Jesus doesn’t soften the blow but adds even more force to His words. Calling them Children (for the first time), He teaches them that rich men will have a harder time entering the Kingdom than a camel going through a needle’s eye (vv24-25). Their astonishment deepens and they ask, “Who then can be saved?” Which brings us to the heart of the Gospel of grace: what’s impossible for man is not impossible for God (vv26-27). Something in all this clicks for Peter, and he reminds Jesus that they’ve left everything in order to follow Jesus.  Jesus says, “Amen” to Peter. Then He elaborates on how this life of surrender and sacrificial service is gain and not loss both in this life and the life to come (vv28-30). This is the right side up Kingdom (v31).

More About Moses

We really can’t fully understand Jesus’ teaching in this section without understanding what Moses first taught. Moses made an appearance at the Transfiguration, standing as witness that Jesus was the Prophet he had foretold would come, and whom Israel must heed (Deu. 18:17-19). Jesus now responds to the trap which the teachers of Israel set by demanding they exposit Moses up on the blackboard. They say Moses permitted divorce. But they overlook Moses’ reasoning for this permission: sexual uncleanness in the world due to sin. Moses also taught, in his creation narrative, that God’s good purpose was to unite male and female into a new entity. This entity, of course, was capable of recreating itself in the bearing and raising of children. In Deuteronomy, fathers are to teach their children that the Lord is One Lord (Deu. 6:1-9). They must not offer their children to Moloch’s fires (Deu. 18:10). God would circumcise not only their hearts, but the heart of their seed (children) (Deu. 30:6).

This whole passage is Jesus as the Greater Moses. Divorce is a sorrowful rending of God’s good purpose in marriage. Jesus says that divorce is a “thing” because hearts are hard. And a hard heart won’t think twice about sacrificing children in the fire of Gehenna in order to appease the idols. Broadly speaking, marriages crumble due to three sorts of idolatry: unlawful sexual gratification, self-absorbed vanity, and hoarded wealth. Healthy marriages are marked by sexual selflessness, humility, and generosity. Mark sandwiches Jesus’ teaching about divorce between these two teachings on receiving children. Our culture has cut the brakes on divorce, and it shouldn’t surprise us that it also resents children. This resentment ranges from general disdain to the horrific: abortion and genital mutilation.

Jesus insists that children are to be received. Childlike trust is the model for how we ought to trust our Heavenly Father’s promise of salvation through Jesus Christ. They must not be sacrificed in Gehenna. Jesus calls us to bring them to Him for His blessing. And while these covenant children receive this blessing, they must beware, as they grow, to learn the lesson of the rich young ruler.

Wealth and Eternal Life

And what is that lesson? Moses also warned Israel that when they came into Canaan and dwelt in houses they didn’t build, eating of the vines they didn’t plant, they needed to “beware lest thou forget the LORD […] and go after other gods (Deu. 6:12-15).” As I’ve shown before, Jesus came to overthrow Israel’s idolatry. The young man is one instance of how firm a grip idolatry had in Israel. He believed that there was an age to come, one where the faithful would dwell eternally upon this earth, with Yahweh ruling in their midst personally. The question of 1st century Israel was how to ensure you secured your seat in that kingdom reality. The assumption was that deuteronomic wealth, every man under his fig tree (Mic. 4:4), was evidence that God’s favor was upon you. 

But the young man’s great wealth wasn’t proof of living under deuteronomic blessing. Instead, Jesus’ hard words revealed the blessings were being taken for granted. The man’s heart had gone after other gods, for he couldn’t part with his wealth; and wouldn’t take up a cross to follow Christ in His path of sacrifice, humility, and generosity. His love of wealth made him blind to the treasure to be found not only in the life to come, but even in this life. Following Christ is its own reward, for in Him is the fullness of joy.

Give it all Up

Christ has come to make that which is impossible possible. Is it possible for a rich man to be freed from the love money? An angsty husband from his selfishness? A bitter wife from her coldness? A marriage full of thistles to become a green pastures? A child to grow up in the arms of Jesus without falling away? The hard heart says all this is impossible. But since Jesus brought the Kingdom of God into the middle of history, He says it can be done (Cf. Ez. 36:25-32).

What do you have a death grip upon? Your dreams? Your pride? Your sin? Your insistence that try as you might you can’t overcome your idolatry? Jesus says come to Him. Come as a child. Remember the Spirit of Elijah turns the hearts of fathers to their children (Mal. 4:4-6). This impossible thing is possible because God the Father beams with glad joy upon His righteous Son. If you would find God’s pleasure upon you, come, take up the cross, and follow Jesus.

Communion Homily

Christ’s call to leave all behind, even your riches, in order to follow Him into His eternal kingdom should not come as a surprise. For even there Jesus set the pattern for us. He laid His glory by and took on the likeness of a servant. He who basked in the eternal delight of His Father, and whose beauty and holiness was praised by archangels humbled himself and had no form nor comeliness. The Psalmists asked for the face of God to shine upon them, but when Christ came, He had no beauty that we should desire him.

Here at this table, we memorialize the glorious humility of Christ. He descended from the courts of Heaven to the hillsides of Nazareth. He went from the height of national popularity, to the loneliness of Gethsemane. He who held the scepter of the universe was flogged by Gentile soldiers. He who gave the Law to Moses, was betrayed by the students of Moses. He who was sinless became sin. He who was most blessed forever, became accursed upon a tree. He who had reigned from Heaven was cast into the depths of Hades.

And for all this, the reward of His sufferings was the Resurrection from the dead and the Kingship of all the earth. This is the invitation He makes to us in His Gospel. That His story of glory to humility and then exaltation to greater glory would be ours as well. Mankind lost the glory of Eden. But He invites us to lay it all aside. All the glory of our pathetic kingdoms. All the vanity and pride of our sins. All our lust and envy and rivalry. Cast it aside. Go to the cross in Christ, and so receive in Him everlasting glory. So give everything up in order to get everything.

So come in faith and welcome to Jesus Christ…

Charge & Benediction

There are only two ways of living. A closed fist, or an open hand. God, through Christ, has shown us the way to live: give everything up. To love God and to love others is to open your hand.

Now to Him who is able to do exceedingly abundantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power that works in us, to him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus to all generations, forever and ever. Amen.

Ephesians 3:20-21